Natural Gas and The Environment
AGP Pratham | 09 April, 2024
The recent changes in the environment are undesirable and deleterious. With the increasing pollution and depletion of resources, our ecosystem is undergoing change. Out of all kinds of pollution, perhaps air pollution is the greatest danger.
Air pollution has significantly impacted the environment, destroying the entire ecosystem. And the recent statistics on the same are disturbing.
Statistics on Air Pollution
- Air pollution accounts for over 9 million premature deaths every year.
- 9 out of 10 people breathe air containing pollutants that exceed the limits set by World Health Organization (WHO).
- India, along with China, Bangladesh, and Pakistan, accounts for 50 of the most polluted cities in regard to air pollution.
The statistics above demonstrate the serious problems we are creating for ourselves. As per studies, toxic industrial emissions account for nearly 51% of the air pollution in India in 2022, closely followed by vehicles accounting for 27%, and crop burning accounting for 13%.
Some of the most harmful emissions by the industries and vehicles contributing to air pollution include Carbon Dioxide, Sulphur Dioxide (SO₂), Ozone (O₃), Nitric Oxide (NO), and more. Since most industries use coal and other forms of sources of energy, the emissions of carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide, and others are high. This is where natural gas comes into the picture.
Role of Natural Gas
What is Natural Gas? Natural Gas is the least polluting hydrocarbon, commonly referred to as fossil gas. It has a low carbon concentration and is without colour or smell.
It provides fuel for the power plants that supply electricity to homes and businesses and powers thousands of vehicles. In addition, natural gas provides energy for a number of industrial operations that produce everything from glass to . Furthermore, natural gas is used for heating spaces, cooking, and heating water in homes and industries. Last but not least, it is a crucial ingredient in goods like paints, plastics, and synthetic fibres.
Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) and Liquefied Natural Gas are the two common types of natural gas currently in use. CNG is a fossil fuel that primarily consists of methane and is compressed to less than 1% of its full volume at standard atmospheric pressure. In contrast, purification and cooling are the two processes involved in producing liquefied natural gas from natural gas, which contains methane and a trace of hydrocarbons. There is also PNG or Piped Natural Gas, which is supplied through the pipeline. It is used for cooking on gas stoves and heating water in gas geysers.
Benefits of Natural Gas
Compared to its competitive alternatives, the use of natural gas is safer, cleaner, and greener for the environment. It is popular for its low emissions from burning and heating as well as its eco-friendliness.
Following are some benefits of natural gas concerning the environment:
- Natural gas is flexible and adaptive
- Natural are pocket friendly as compared to other alternatives
- Gas is the fuel that burns the .
- The sealed fuel systems of CNG-powered cars prevent evaporative pollutants
- Natural gas emits less hazardous pollutants when used, making it safer for the environment
- Compressed natural gas reduces the life-cycle greenhouse gas emissions of light-duty vehicles by 15%
- CNG is a gaseous fuel. Therefore, it mixes well and evenly in the air. It also does not leave any residue
- Compared to diesel-powered cars, CNG-powered vehicles emit far less nitrogen oxide and .
Final Considerations
Besides the obvious need to make changes in order to improve the current environmental conditions, there is also a need to create a mixed basket of energy sources to meet the increasing demands for power by including natural gas and its substitutes
It's time we make a wise decision by opting for natural gas while building on our current resources to ensure that future generations have a healthy place to live.
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